The role of cats in human toxocarosis*

Toxocara spp. are a group of intestinal nematodes with species infecting dogs (T.canis) and cats (T.cati). They are the cause of human toxocarosis; a significant zoonosis that can lead to visceral, ocular and neurological syndromes. Despite extensive research into the ocular form of the disease and a relatively high public profile, much about the aetiology and transmission of disease remains unknown. The focus of research and control measures has mostly surrounded T.canis and dog fouling, but increasing evidence is suggesting that T.cati may play a greater role than previously thought. This article discusses human toxocarosis and its control, with a particular emphasis on the role of cats and T.cati.